Understanding Trauma
Definitions of Trauma
"Traumatic symptoms are not caused by the event itself. They arise when residual energy from the experience is not discharged from the body. This energy remains trapped in the nervous system where it can wear havoc on our bodies and minds."
-Peter Levine
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"Trauma is a breech in the protective barrier against (over)stimulation, leading to overwhelming feelings of helplessness."
-Freud
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"Psychological trauma is the state of severe fright that we experience when we are confronted with a sudden, unexpected potentially life threatening event over which we have no control, and to which we are unable to respond effectively no matter how hard we try."
-Flannery
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"Traumatic events are extraordinary, not because they are occur rarely, but rather because they overwhelm the ordinary human adaptations to life...the common denominator of trauma is a feeling of 'intense fear, helplessness, loss of control, and threat of annihilation.'"
-Herman
Categories of Trauma
Global High Intensity Activation (GHIA)
Pre- and Perinatal Trauma
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(Fetal distress, birth trauma, early surgeries)
Anesthesia
High Fevers
Suffocation, Choking, Drowning
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High Impact/Failure of Physical Defense
Falls
Acquired Brain Injuries
High Impact and Motor Vehicle Accidents (MVA)
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Inescapable Attack
Animal Attack
Escape Inhibited
Rape/Sexual abuse
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Physical Injury
Surgery
Poison
Burns
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Natural and Man-made Disasters
Natural Disasters
Horror
Torture, Ritual Abuse, War, Terrorism
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Emotional Trauma